下面是托福口语考试经常会犯的一些代词错误,有些与中国的发音有关,he,she傻傻分不清楚,有些则是想说复杂拿高分,却又越说越混乱。
第一个最常见的错误是一个句子中代词的频繁转换,即所谓pronoun shift。
典型的例子是“When one searches on the Internet, you will potentially get onto
illegal websites, which will cause negative consequences to
us.”在这句话中one,you和us未能保持一致,让考官不知所云。应该修改为“When searching on the Internet, we may
potentially get onto illegal websites, which will cause negative consequences to
us.”
第二种常见错误是代词在“性别”上未能与被指代对象保持一致,这在学生的口语中也是常见问题。
比如学生所写这句话“Studying in a co-educational school, a girl may concentrate more
on popular boys, which may cause ignorance of his study.”显然,his的出现与句子主语a
girl是不相符合的,应该改为her。
第三种错误是代词在“数”上未能与被指代对象保持一致。
在“Girls are easy to be persuaded to buy cosmetics, because she always wants
to be
pretty.”中,主语是girls,为复数,但是原因状语从句中的代词却是she。改正的方法便是将she改为they体现“数”的一致,同时将wants改为want,实现从句内部的主谓一致。最终结果为“Girls
are easy to be persuaded to buy cosmetics, because they always want to be
pretty.”。
第四种错误是“格”出了问题。
最常见的情况是本该用形容词性物主代词(比如their),结果误用了代词的主格或宾格(比如用成了they或者them),或者在主格和宾格之间未能区分清楚(比如分不清they和them)。一个典型的例子是“Some
graduates are proud of their diplomas; however, companies regard they as
nothing.”。句中regard后面应接宾语,所以they应该改为them才对。
第五种错误与反身代词的使用有关。
反身代词表示“某人自己”,比如“Many children are addicted to computer games and they
cannot control themselves at
all.”教学中笔者发现,学生清楚这种用法,但是不会表达“某人自己的”这个概念,总是说“Teenagers cannot control themselves
behaviours”。这句话中,themselves要改为their own才能体现出“某人自己的”这层意思。因此,考生在作文时要格外留意这个小点。
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